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Indian Geography Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Quiz for State and UPSC Civil Services Examinations. Objective Questions on Indian Geography for competitive examinations.


1.Amravati Reservoir is located in which national park in India?

[A] Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National

[B] Mudumalai National Park

[C] Pampadum Shola National Park

[D] None of them

Hide Answer


Correct Answer: A [ Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National ]

Notes:

The Amravati Reservoir is located in the Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park, which is situated in Tamil Nadu. This sanctuary is part of the Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its rich biodiversity, including endangered species like the Nilgiri Tahr. The park also features diverse ecosystems, ranging from tropical evergreen forests to grasslands.

2.The smallest states in India Area and Population wise are?

[A] Goa & Sikkim

[B] Sikkim and Goa

[C] Goa & Mizoram

[D] Goa & Arunanchal Pradesh

Hide Answer


Correct Answer: A [Goa & Sikkim]

Notes:

The smallest state in India by area is Goa, covering approximately 3,702 square kilometers. Sikkim, while larger than Goa, is the second smallest state by area at about 7,096 square kilometers. In terms of population, Goa also ranks as one of the smallest states, with a population of around 1.5 million, while Sikkim has a population of about 610,000. Thus, the correct answer is Goa & Sikkim.

3.The Uri Dam is located on which river in Jammu & Kashmir (J&K)?India geography books

[A] Beas River

[B] Chenab River

[C] Ravi River

[D] Jhelum River

Hide Answer


Correct Answer: D [Jhelum River]

Notes:

The Uri Dam is a 480 MW hydroelectric power station on the Jhelum River near Uri in Baramula district of the Jammu and Kashmir (J&K). It is located very near to the Line of Control, the de facto border between India and Pakistan. The station is largely built under a hill with a 10 km tunnel. It is of the run-of-the-river type without a large dam, since the Indus Waters Treaty gives Pakistan the exclusive right to regulate the Jhelum River.

4.Penganga is a tributary of which of the following rivers in India?

[A] Kaveri

[B] Godavari

[C] Krishna

[D] Narmada

Hide Answer


Correct Answer: B [Godavari]

Notes:

Penganga is a tributary of the Godavari River in India. The Godavari, often referred to as the “Dakshina Ganga” (Southern Ganges), is the second-longest river in India, flowing approximately 1,465 kilometers. The Penganga joins the Godavari in Maharashtra, contributing to its flow. The Godavari basin is important for agriculture and supports diverse ecosystems.

5.Raniganj coal bed methane  (CBM) acreage is located in which of the following states ?

[A] Jharkhand

[B] West Bengal

[C] Bihar

[D] Orissa

Hide Answer


Correct Answer: B [West Bengal]

Notes:

Raniganj is located near Asansol of Paschim Bardhaman district in West Bengal. ONGC is operating Raniganj North CBM block.

6.In which of the following states, India’s maximum number of mines producing minerals (excluding minor minerals, petroleum (crude), natural gas and atomic minerals) are located?

[A] Gujarat

[B] Andhra Pradesh

[C] Jharkhand

[D] Madhya Pradesh

Hide Answer


Correct Answer: B [Andhra Pradesh]

Notes:

The number of mines which reported mineral production {excluding minor minerals, petroleum (crude), natural gas and atomic minerals} in India was 3108 in 2012-13. Out of 3108 reporting mines, maximum number of mines were located in Andhra Pradesh (583) followed by Rajasthan (374), Gujarat (350).

7.Tumkur, where Geological Survey of India has found indications of Gold Reserves, is located in which among the following states?

[A] Andhra Pradesh

[B] Karnataka

[C] Tamil nadu

[D] Maharatsra

Hide Answer


Correct Answer: B [Karnataka]

Notes:

Ajjanahalli mine is located in Tumkur District, Karnataka; and it is an Open-cast gold mine, active during 1995 to 2002.

8.In which of the following tribes ‘Khasi’ and ‘Garo’ mainly lives?

[A] Kerala

[B] Meghalaya

[C] Chota Nagpur

[D] Tamil Nadu

Hide Answer


Correct Answer: B [Meghalaya]

Notes:

The Garos inhabit western Meghalaya, the Khasis central Meghalaya and the Jaintias eastern Meghalaya. The scheduled tribe populations (mainly belonging to khasi, Jaintia and Garo tribes) constitute 85.53% of the total population.

9.The density of cattle population per 100 hectares of gross cropped area is highest in which of the following states?

[A] Bihar

[B] Haryana

[C] Madhya Pradesh

[D] Uttar Pradesh

Hide Answer


Correct Answer: B [Haryana]

Notes:

The density of cattle population per 100 hectares of gross cropped area is the highest in Haryana. Cattle Population with 11.85%. The second and third highest contributors are Hisar and Karnal with share of cattle population of 8.94% and 8.29% respectively. The total Buffalo population in the State is 6.08 million numbers as per census 2012.

10.The Alpine vegetation in the western Himalayas is found only up to a height of 3000 metres, while in the eastern Himalayas it is found up to a height of 4000 metres,. Which of the following is the reason for this variation in the same mountain range?

[A] Eastern Himalayas are higher than western Himalayas

[B] eastern Himalayas are nearer to the Equator and sea coast than western Himalayas


[C] eastern Himalayas get more monsoon rainfall than the western Himalayas

[D] eastern Himalayan rocks are more fertile than the western Himalayan rocks

Hide Answer


Correct Answer: C [eastern Himalayas get more monsoon rainfall than the western Himalayas]

Notes:

This region receives 4 times more rainfall than western Himalayas. Due to high rainfalls, it is covered with dense forests. Eastern Himalayas receive more precipitation from south-eastern monsoon in the summers.

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Indian Geography MCQs

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Indian Geography Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Quiz for State and UPSC Civil Services Examinations. Objective Questions on Indian Geography for competitive examinations.

11.Which of the following forest types occupies the maximum area in India?
[A] Tropical moist deciduous
[B] Montane wet temperate forest
[C] Tropical wet evergreen
[D] Tropical rainforest

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [Tropical moist deciduous]
Notes:
The Eastern Highlands mainly consist of tropical moist deciduous forests. It extends across portions of Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, and Telangana states. These forests are found in region where rainfall is between 100 cm to 200cm.

12.Which of the following substances are found in the beach sands of many parts of Kerala?

  1. Ilmenite
  2. Zircon
  3. Sillimanite
  4. Tungsten

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

[A] 1, 2, 3 & 4
[B] 1, 2 & 3 Only
[C] 3 & 4 Only
[D] 1 & 2 Only

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: B [1, 2 & 3 Only ]
Notes:
Ilmenite, Zirecon and Sillimanite are found in kollam district in Kerala but tungsten is not found in the beach sands of Kerala.

13.The older alluvial plain above the level of the flood plains is known as which of the following?
[A] Tarai
[B] Khadar
[C] Bhangar
[D] Bhabar

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: C [Bhangar]
Notes:
The older alluvial plain above the level of the flood plains is known as Bhangar. It contains Kankar (Calcium Carbonate).

14.What is the approximate length of the Brahmaputra Plain?
[A] 500 km
[B] 720 km
[C] 1130 km
[D] 1450 km

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: B [720 km]
Notes:
The length of the Brahmaputra Plain is 720 kilometers and it is about 80 kilometers wide.

15.Which of the following peaks of Greater Himalayas is situated in the state of Uttarakhand?
[A] Kamet
[B] Nanda Devi
[C] Badrinath
[D] All of the above

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
Kamet, Nanda Devi (“Bliss-giving Goddess”), Badrinath (“The Kind God”) all are located in Uttarakhand and a part of the Greater Himalayas.

16.Which of the following river originated from the Satopanth glacier?
[A] Bhagirathi
[B] Kali
[C] Alaknanda
[D] Koshi

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: C [Alaknanda]
Notes:
Satopanth glacier is located in the state of Uttarakhand. Alaknanda River is originated from this place. Bhagirathi originated from Gangotri glacier.

17.Which of the following passes are located in Jammu & Kashmir?
1. Aghil Pass
2. Banihal Pass
3. Khardung La Pass
4. Pensi La Pass
Choose the correct option from the codes given below :
[A] 1 & 3
[B] 2 & 4
[C] 2, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
All of the four passes are located in Jammu & Kashmir. Aghil Pass- Ladakh with China. Banihal Pass- Jammu with Srinagar. Khardung La Pass- Leh with Siachen. Pensi La Pass- Kashmir with Kargil.

18.Which of the following passes connects Arunachal Pradesh with Lhasa?
[A] Bom Di La
[B] Diphu Pass
[C] Pangsan Pass
[D] Dihang Pass

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [Bom Di La]
Notes:
Bom Di La pass connects Arunachal Pradesh with Lhasa (Tibet). It is located at the elevation of 4,600 meters.

19.Which of the following is the highest peak of south India?
[A] Anaimudi
[B] Dodabeta
[C] Mahendragiri
[D] Gurushikhar

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [Anaimudi]
Notes:
Anaimudi is the highest peak (2695 meter) of south India. It is situated in Kerala.

20.The traditional system of irrigation which was found in the cold desert is known as by which of the following name?
[A] Moat
[B] Kuhls
[C] Dhekli
[D] Rahat

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: B [Kuhls]
Notes:
The traditional system of irrigation which was found in the cold desert is known as Kuhls. Through the channels, the water is supplied to the agricultural field.





Indian Geography MCQsIndian geography booksWorld geography posters
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Indian Geography Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Quiz for State and UPSC Civil Services Examinations. Objective Questions on Indian Geography for competitive examinations.

21.Coco island is located in which side of Andaman island?
[A] Eastern
[B] Southern
[C] Northern
[D] Western
Hide Answer

Correct Answer: C [Northern]
Notes:
Coco island is located in the northern side of Andaman island. It is a part of Myanmar. The Coco Island group has a total number of 5 islands.
22.In the past, India and Bangladesh both countries claimed their sovereignty over which of the following islands?
[A] Ghoramara Island
[B] Henry Island
[C] New Moore Island
[D] Sagar Island
Hide Answer

Correct Answer: C [New Moore Island]
Notes:
In the past, India and Bangladesh both countries claimed their sovereignty over New Moore Island. The conflict was resolved in the year 2014 by the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA).
23.Which of the following is the longest Drive-In Beach in Asia?Indian geography books
[A] Muzhappilangad Beach
[B] Kollam Beach
[C] Marari beach
[D] Fort Kochi beach
Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [Muzhappilangad Beach]
Notes:
Muzhappilangad Beach is the longest Drive-In Beach in Asia. It is located in the state of Kerala. In the month of April, the beach festival is celebrated. The beach is also a famous bird watching hotspot.
24.Which of the following is the first beach of India to get Blue Flag certification?
[A] Konark Beach
[B] Puri Beach
[C] Chandrabhaga Beach
[D] Satpada Beach
Hide Answer

Correct Answer: C [Chandrabhaga Beach]
Notes:
The tag of Blue Flag or Blue Flag certification is given on the basis of the environment-friendly clean conditions of beaches, and facilities of international standards for tourists. Chandrabhaga Beach is the first beach in India to get Blue Flag certification. It is located in the state of Odisha.
25.Katchh & Kathiawar Peninsula are separated from each other by which of the following gulfs/ Bays?
[A] Gulf of Katchh
[B] Gulf of Khambat
[C] Gulf of Mannar
[D] Gulf of Aden
Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [Gulf of Katchh]
Notes:
Katchh & Kathiawar Peninsula are separated from each other by the Gulf of Katchh. It is located in the Arabian Sea along the west coast of India, in Gujarat.
26.Which of the following rivers flows through a rift valley?
[A] Ganga
[B] Brahmaputra
[C] Kaveri
[D] Narmada
Hide Answer

Correct Answer: D [Narmada]
Notes:
Narmada River flows through a rift valley.
27.The source of which among the following three rivers of the peninsula India is the Amarkantak region?
[A] Son, Mahanadi, Narmada
[B] Narmada, Krishna Godavari
[C] Godavari, Krishna, Cauvery
[D] Chambal, Betwa, Luni
Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [Son, Mahanadi, Narmada]
Notes:
Son, Mahanadi and Narmada rivers originate from the Amarkantak region of Madhya Pradesh.
28.Arrange the following tributaries of river Indus from North to South
1. Sutlej
2. Ravi
3. Jhelum
4. Chenab
Choose the correct option from the codes given below:
[A] 1, 2, 3, 4
[B] 1, 4, 3, 2
[C] 3, 4, 2, 1
[D] 3, 2, 4, 1
Hide Answer

Correct Answer: C [3, 4, 2, 1]
Notes:
The Indus River originates from the Mansarovar Lake in the Tibetan plateau. Its tributaries from North to South Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, Sutlej
29.Which of the following clearly defines Kayal?
[A] Ganges Delta
[B] Regur of Deccan Plateau
[C] Lagoon of Kerala
[D] Terai Plain
Hide Answer

Correct Answer: C [Lagoon of Kerala]
Notes:
Kayal is the lagoons of Kerala. Eg. Astamudi, Bhembanad etc.
30.Which among the following are the plunge type waterfalls of India?
1. Jog waterfalls
2. Nohkalikai Falls
3. Chitrakoot Falls
Choose the correct option from the codes given below :
[A] 1 & 2
[B] 1 & 3
[C] 2 & 3
[D] 1, 2 & 3
Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [1 & 2]
Notes:
In plunge type waterfalls, the water descends vertically. Jog waterfalls and Nohkalikai Falls are the plunge type waterfalls of India.




Indian Geography MCQs
Indian geography books
World geography posters

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Indian Geography Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Quiz for State and UPSC Civil Services Examinations. Objective Questions on Indian Geography for competitive examinations.

31.National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd. (NTPC) was established in which year?
[A] 1975
[B] 1962
[C] 1959
[D] 1956

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [1975]
Notes:
National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd. (NTPC) was established in the year 1975. The headquarters of NTPC is located in New Delhi. It was conferred Maharatna status in the year 2010.

32.Which among the following dam is located near the “Statue of Unity”?
[A] Shivasamudram Dam
[B] Sardar Sarovar Dam
[C] Jawahar Sagar Dam
[D] Gandhi Sagar Dam

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: B [Sardar Sarovar Dam]
Notes:
Sardar Sarovar Dam is located near the “Statue of Unity”. It is situated across the river Narmada in the state of Gujarat.

33. 
Indian geography books
Which among the following matches of the wind park and their corresponding states are correct?
1. Vankusawade Wind Park- Maharashtra
2. Damanjodi Wind Power Plant- Odisha
3. Muppandal windfarm- Tamil Nadu
4. Bercha Wind Park- Madhya Pradesh
Choose the correct option from the codes given below :
[A] 1 & 2
[B] 2 & 4
[C] 1, 3 & 4
[D] 1, 2, 3 & 4

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: D [1, 2, 3 & 4]
Notes:
The correct matches are Vankusawade Wind Park- Maharashtra, Damanjodi Wind Power Plant- Odisha, Muppandal windfarm- Tamil Nadu, Bercha Wind Park- Madhya Pradesh.

34.Which among the following is the most educated and wealthy religious community of India?
[A] Muslim
[B] Sikh
[C] Jain
[D] Buddhist

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: C [Jain]
Notes:
Jains are the most educated and wealthy religious communities of India. Muslims are the least educated community.

35.What is the average density of the villages in India (Per 100 sq km)?
[A] 18
[B] 25
[C] 28
[D] 32

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [18]
Notes:
The average density of villages in India is 18 per 100 sq. km. The average size of the population per village is 1248 (2001 data).

36.What is total land cultivated in India?
[A] 169.6 million hectares
[B] 260.8 million hectares
[C] 109.6 million hectares
[D] 134.5 million hectares

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [169.6 million hectares]
Notes:
India has about 169.6 million hectares of the cultivated landmass. It is the largest in the world.

37.Which is the southernmost point of India?
[A] Rajiv Point
[B] Pygmalion point
[C] Indira Col
[D] none of the above

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: B [Pygmalion point]
Notes:
The northernmost of India is India Col. The southernmost point of India is Indira point or Pygmalion point. It is about 6deg 45min N Latitude.

38.Kapildhara Falls is situated on which river?
[A] Narmada
[B] Indravati
[C] Sharavati
[D] Tapi

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [Narmada]
Notes:
Kapildhara waterfall is located in the Amarkantak district of Madhya Pradesh. It is the first waterfall of river Narmada from its origin. It gets its name from the famous sage Kapil, who had resided at this place and performed severe religious austerities.

39.According to the Census 2011, what is the population density of India?
[A] 352 per sq. km
[B] 362 per sq. km
[C] 372 per sq. km
[D] 382 per sq. km

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: D [382 per sq. km]
Notes:
As per the 2011 Census, the population density of India in terms of number of persons per square kilometre is 382 persons per sq km as compared to 325 persons per sq km in the 2001 Census. Bihar is the densest state of India with a population density of 1,106 people per sq km.

40.Kanchenjunga is situated in which state?
[A] Himachal Pradesh
[B] West Bengal
[C] Nepal
[D] Sikkim

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: D [Sikkim]
Notes:
Kanchenjunga is the third highest mountain in the world, with an elevation of 8,586 m and located along the India-Nepal border in the Himalayas. Kanchenjunga is also the name of the surrounding section of the Himalayas and means “The Five Treasures of Snows”, as it contains five peaks, four of them over 8,450 m. The treasures represent the five repositories of God, which are gold, silver, gems, grain, and holy books. Three of the five peaks – main, central, and south – are on the border of North Sikkim in India and Taplejung District of Nepal, while the other two are completely in Taplejung District.





Indian Geography MCQs
Indian geography books
World geography posters

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Indian Geography Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Quiz for State and UPSC Civil Services Examinations. Objective Questions on Indian Geography for competitive examinations.

41.Which of the following rock formations resulted in Eastern Ghats?
[A] Charnockites, bauxite, granite gneiss and quartzite rock
[B] Khondalites, bauxite, granite gneiss, metamorphic gneisses and quartzite rock
[C] Charnockites, khondalites, metamorphic gneisses and quartzite rock
[D] Charnockites, granite gneiss, quartzite rock, khondalites, metamorphic gneisses

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: D [Charnockites, granite gneiss, quartzite rock, khondalites, metamorphic gneisses]
Notes:
The Eastern Ghats are made up of charnockites, granite gneiss, khondalites, metamorphic gneisses and quartzite rock formations. The structure of the Eastern Ghats includes thrusts and strike-slip faults all along its range. Limestone, bauxite and iron ore are found in the Eastern Ghats hill ranges.

42.Ahom tribes is which of the following states of India?
[A] Assam
[B] Jharkhand
[C] Andhra Pradesh
[D] Madhya Pradesh

Hide Answer

Indian geography books

Correct Answer: A [Assam]
Notes:
Ahom is a tribe of Shan descent inhabiting the Assam valley, and, prior to the invasion of the Burmese at the commencement of the 19th century, the dominant race of the region. They ruled much of Assam from the 13th century until the establishment of British rule in 1838.

43.Konkan coast is stretched from where to where?
[A] Goa to Diu
[B] Goa to Kochi
[C] Daman to Goa
[D] Goa to Mumbai

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: C [Daman to Goa]
Notes:
Konkan, also called Aparanta, refers to the coastal plain of western India, lying between the Arabian Sea (west) and the Western Ghats (east). The plain stretches approximately 530 km from the Daman Ganga River north of Mumbai (Bombay) to the Terekhol River between Maharashtra and Goa states and Daman and Diu union territory in the south.

44.Ethnic group Mongoloids are found in India in ______:
[A] Southern region
[B] North-western region
[C] North-eastern region
[D] South-central region

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: B [North-western region]
Notes:
Located in northeast India, Arunachal Pradesh borders the states of Assam and Nagaland to the south, and shares international borders with Bhutan in the west, Myanmar in the east and the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in the north. Itanagar is the capital of the state. Arunachal Pradesh means “land of the dawn-lit mountains”. It is also known as “land of the rising sun” (“Pradesh” means “state”, “territory” or “region”) in reference to its position as the easternmost state of India. Like other parts of Northeast India, a majority of the people native to the state are of Tibeto-Burman origin.

45.Shivasamudram Falls is found in the course of river ______:
[A] Kaveri
[B] Krishna
[C] Godavari
[D] Mahanadi

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [Kaveri]
Notes:
Shivanasamudra Falls is on the Kaveri River after the river has wound its way through the rocks and ravines of the Deccan Plateau and drops off to form waterfalls. The island town of Shivanasamudra divides the river into twin waterfalls. This creates the fourth largest island in the rivers course. Asia’s second hydro-electric power station after Sidrapong is located at the waterfall and is still functional. This station was commissioned by the Diwan of Mysore, Sir K. Seshadri Iyer.

46.The man-made reservoir Gobind Sagar located in Bilaspur is situated in which of the following states?
[A] Punjab
[B] Himachal Pradesh
[C] Uttarakhand
[D] Uttar Pradesh

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: B [Himachal Pradesh]
Notes:
Gobind Sagar is a man-made reservoir situated in Bilaspur District, Himachal Pradesh. It is one of the largest man-made lakes of India, was created by a 255 m high, straight gravity dam at Bhakra on the river Satluj. Construction of Bhakra Nangal dam was initiated in 1947 and the reservoir was formed in 1963.

47.Beyond the _____, the Himalayas bend sharply to the south and spread along the eastern boundary of India.
[A] Zoji La Pass
[B] Dihang gorge
[C] Nepal border
[D] Bhutan border

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: B [Dihang gorge]
Notes:
The Brahmaputra marks the eastern most boundary of the Himalayas. Beyond the Dihang gorge, the Himalayas bend sharply to the south and spread along the eastern boundary of India. They are known as the Purvanchal or the Eastern hills and mountains and form a natural boundary between India and Myanmar.

48.Which of the following is waterfall is created by river Sharavathi the highest waterfall in India?
[A] Jog Falls
[B] Athirappilly Falls
[C] Dhuandhar Falls
[D] Dudhsagar Falls

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: A [Jog Falls]
Notes:
Jog Falls located near Jog Village. Falling point of water is located in Siddapura, Uttara Kannada and the view point in Sagara Karnataka. Jog Falls is also known as Gerusoppe falls, Jogajalapatha and Jogada gundi in the regional Kannada language. Jog Falls is created by the Sharavathi River dropping 253 m (830 ft), making it the second-highest plunge waterfall in India after the Nohkalikai Falls.

49.What is Talcher important for?
[A] Atomic reactor
[B] Heavy water plant
[C] Cable industry
[D] Hydroelectricity generation

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: B [Heavy water plant]
Notes:
Talcher, located in Angul district of Odisha, is famous for Heavy Water Plant. This plant is a Government of India organisation under the aegis of Ministry of Atomic Power & Energy. It is involved in production of organic solvents like TBP, D2EFHA, TAPO & TOPO etc. and other allied chemicals required as a part of the nuclear power programme of the country.

50.The common tree species in Nilgiri hills is ______:
[A] Sal
[B] Teak
[C] Pine
[D] Eucalyptus

Hide Answer

Correct Answer: B [Teak]
Notes:
Nagarhole National Park, also known as Rajiv Gandhi National Park, is a national park located in Kodagu and Mysore districts of Karnataka. It is part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. The park ranges the foothills of the Western Ghats spreading down the Brahmagiri hills and south towards Kerala.

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